Stopping is the replacement of fricatives or affricates with a

• A. Replacing fricatives with a stop
• B. Replacing stops with fricatives
• C. Replacing vowels with stops
• D. Inserting a vowel

Answer: (A)

Stopping is a process where a sound made by fully blocking the air (a stop) takes the place of a fricative or an affricate. Fricatives like s or f produce a continuous noise, and affricates like ch or j start with a brief stop release followed by frication. When stopping occurs, that fricative or affricate is replaced by a stop such as p, b, t, d, k, or g. For example, a word starting with a fricative like /s/ can become /t/, as in sip turning into tip. This differs from simply swapping segments in other ways (such as replacing a stop with a fricative or inserting a vowel), which are different processes.